The multifaceted genus Acinetobacter: from infection to bioremediation

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Bacteriology
• Genomics

Background:

• Acinetobacter is a diverse bacterial genus with significant clinical implications, particularly Acinetobacter baumannii, a cause of nosocomial infections.
• The genus exhibits varied metabolic potentials, suggesting broad industrial and environmental applications beyond its pathogenic roles.
• Existing research often focuses on specific species, leaving a gap in comprehensive understanding of the entire genus.

Approach:

• This review provides a holistic overview of the Acinetobacter genus, integrating clinical and ecological perspectives.
• It systematically examines phylogenetic relationships, pathogenesis, and virulence factors across various Acinetobacter species.
• Emerging biotechnological applications and future research directions are also explored.

Key Points:

• The review consolidates current knowledge on Acinetobacter, emphasizing both pathogenic and beneficial aspects.
• It highlights the phylogenetic diversity within the genus and the mechanisms underlying Acinetobacter infections.
• Novel biotechnological applications, leveraging the metabolic versatility of Acinetobacter, are discussed.

Conclusions:

• This comprehensive review offers a unified perspective on the Acinetobacter genus, crucial for understanding its clinical significance and biotechnological potential.
• It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and biotechnologists, guiding future investigations and applications.
• The study underscores the need for continued research into the under-represented species and applications of this versatile bacterial genus.