Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice
12:12

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice

Published on: February 14, 2017

16.1K

Atrial Cardiomyopathy in Valvular Heart Disease: From Molecular Biology to Clinical Perspectives

Andrea Ágnes Molnár1, Attila Sánta1, Dorottya Tímea Pásztor1

  • 1Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary.

Cells
|July 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Valvular heart disease causes atrial cardiomyopathy, leading to enlargement, dysfunction, and arrhythmias. Assessing atrial function aids early risk prediction and intervention in valvular disease patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Valvular heart disease (VHD) significantly impacts atrial structure and function.
  • Atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM) is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in VHD progression.
  • The interplay between VHD and ACM creates a detrimental cycle affecting patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolving understanding of atrial cardiomyopathy in the context of valvular heart disease.
  • To elucidate the pathomechanisms linking VHD and ACM.
  • To highlight the clinical significance and diagnostic challenges of ACM in VHD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on atrial cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease.
  • Discussion of pathomechanisms including molecular, cellular, and electrophysiological changes.
  • Examination of diagnostic modalities such as echocardiography and cardiac MRI.

Main Results:

  • VHD induces atrial remodeling and dysfunction through pressure and volume overload, potentially causing atrial tachyarrhythmia.
  • Atrial fibrosis, inflammation, and electrophysiological changes characterize the pathomechanism of ACM.
  • Left atrial volumes and functional parameters are independent predictors of cardiovascular events in VHD.

Conclusions:

  • Atrial dysfunction is a key determinant of outcomes in VHD and heart failure.
  • Current clinical practice often overlooks the assessment of atrial fibrosis and dysfunction.
  • Integrating atrial function assessment into routine clinical practice can improve cardiovascular risk stratification and guide early therapeutic interventions in VHD.

Keywords:
aortic valve stenosisatrial cardiomyopathyfibrosismitral valve regurgitation

More Related Videos

An Approach to Study Shape-Dependent Transcriptomics at a Single Cell Level06:02

An Approach to Study Shape-Dependent Transcriptomics at a Single Cell Level

Published on: November 2, 2020

5.8K
Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model03:45

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model

Published on: August 8, 2022

3.2K

Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
19
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
16
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
11
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
17
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
12
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
16