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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Optimization of the Ugi Reaction Using Parallel Synthesis and Automated Liquid Handling
Published on: November 11, 2008
Bayesian Optimization-Assisted Screening to Identify Improved Reaction Conditions for Spiro-Dithiolane Synthesis
Masaru Kondo1,2, Hettiarachchige Dona Piyumi Wathsala3, Kazunori Ishikawa1
1SANKEN, Osaka University, Ibaraki-shi 567-0047, Japan.
Abstract:
Bayesian optimization (BO)-assisted screening was applied to identify improved reaction conditions toward a hundred-gram scale-up synthesis of 2,3,7,8-tetrathiaspiro[4.4]nonane (1), a key synthetic intermediate of 2,2-bis(mercaptomethyl)propane-1,3-dithiol [tetramercaptan pentaerythritol]. Starting from the initial training set (ITS) consisting of six trials sampled by random screening for BO, suitable parameters were predicted (78% conversion yield of spiro-dithiolane 1) within seven experiments. Moreover, BO-assisted screening with the ITS selected by Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) further improved the yield of 1 to 89% within the eight trials. The established conditions were confirmed to be satisfactory for a hundred grams scale-up synthesis of 1.
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