Capybara Oil Improves Renal Pathophysiology and Inflammation in Obese Mice

Priscila G Pereira1, Luciana L Alves1, Bianca T Ciambarella1

  • 1Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil.

Nutrients
|July 14, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Capybara oil (CO) effectively reduces kidney inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in obese mice. While not improving overall kidney function, CO restores crucial structures within the glomerular filtration barrier, showing promise for obesity-related kidney damage.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Obesity is an inflammatory condition linked to kidney disease, characterized by lipotoxicity and impaired organ function.
  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory properties and influence lipid mediator production.
  • Understanding interventions for obesity-induced kidney damage is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of capybara oil (CO) on renal histopathology in obese mice.
  • To evaluate CO's impact on various markers of kidney damage and metabolic health.

Main Methods:

  • Obese mice were treated with capybara oil (5000 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks).
  • Analyses included body mass, lipid profile, blood pressure, urinary markers, renal cortex structure (light and electron microscopy), fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers (TNF-α, IL-10, CAT, SOD, α-SMA, TGF-β).

Main Results:

  • Capybara oil improved lipid profiles and reduced systolic blood pressure in obese mice.
  • CO treatment led to beneficial remodeling of the renal cortex, decreasing inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis.
  • Ultrastructural analysis revealed restoration of podocytes and the glomerular filtration barrier, despite no improvement in overall renal function.

Conclusions:

  • Capybara oil demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-oxidative effects on the kidney in an obesity model.
  • CO treatment shows potential in mitigating obesity-related kidney damage by restoring glomerular structures.
  • Capybara oil is a promising therapeutic agent for managing kidney complications associated with obesity.