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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Parallel Processing01:20

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The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
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Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:24

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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
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Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

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Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

In Vivo Targeting of Neural Progenitor Cells in Ferret Neocortex by In Utero Electroporation
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Development of multisensory processing in ferret parietal cortex.

Alexandre E Medina1, W Alex Foxworthy2,3, Dongil Keum1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|July 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multisensory integration in ferret brains develops significantly after puberty. Neuronal responses to combined visual and tactile stimuli mature from infancy to adulthood, showing increased integration over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Sensory Processing

Background:

  • The nervous system's ability to adapt to its environment during development is well-established.
  • Research has focused on individual sensory system development, with limited studies on multisensory processing maturation in cortical neurons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of multisensory processing in a distinct cortical region and species.
  • To evaluate how neurons in the rostral posterior parietal (PPr) area of ferrets respond to visual, tactile, and combined stimuli across different ages.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multiple single-unit recordings in anesthetized ferrets (n=18) aged from postnatal day 80 to 300.
  • Examined neuronal responses in the PPr area to visual, tactile, and combined visual-tactile stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Multisensory neurons were rare in pre-pubertal ferrets and increased with age.
  • Significant multisensory integration (MSI) was observed in post-pubertal adolescents, with increasing response magnitudes.
  • Non-significant multisensory response changes increased progressively in adolescent animals, shifting from suppressive to higher integration levels.

Conclusions:

  • Multisensory processing undergoes significant developmental changes, mirroring the maturation of unisensory systems.
  • The timing of these developmental changes in multisensory processing can be specific to the brain region and species studied.