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Updated: Jul 23, 2025
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An Anatomical Study of Nerves at Risk During Minimally Invasive Hallux Valgus Surgery
Published on: February 17, 2018
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Morphology variations with medial cuneiform in hallux valgus
Ruining Li1, Kai Tan2, Yun Xie3
1Physical Education College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450044, Henan, China.
Anatomical Science International
|July 15, 2023
Summary
Hypermobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint is linked to hallux valgus. This 3D study found flatter medial cuneonavicular joint surfaces in hallux valgus feet, challenging previous theories on tarsometatarsal joint obliquity.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Biomechanics
- Podiatry
Background:
- Hypermobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint is a suspected cause of hallux valgus.
- Previous research linked tarsometatarsal joint obliquity to hallux valgus but lacked 3D evidence.
- Radiographic studies have limitations in assessing complex foot morphology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate 3D morphological differences in the medial cuneiform between hallux valgus and normal feet.
- To assess the role of tarsometatarsal joint obliquity and medial cuneonavicular joint curvature in hallux valgus etiology.
- To utilize computed tomography and 3D reconstruction for detailed anatomical analysis.
Main Methods:
- Computed tomography scans of 23 hallux valgus and 23 normal feet.
- 3D reconstruction of medial cuneiforms and extraction of joint surfaces.
- Analysis of medial cuneiform obliquity, medial cuneonavicular joint curvature, and joint orientations.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in medial cuneiform obliquity or joint orientations between groups.
- Hallux valgus feet exhibited a larger curvature diameter of the medial cuneonavicular joint, indicating a flatter surface.
- The theory of tarsometatarsal joint obliquity as a primary etiological factor was not supported.
Conclusions:
- Tarsometatarsal joint obliquity is not a significant factor in hallux valgus development.
- A flatter medial cuneonavicular joint surface is associated with hallux valgus.
- This 3D analysis provides new insights into the complex etiology of hallux valgus.
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