Optimization of Liner Operations and Fuel Selection considering Emission Control Areas
1Institute of Logistics Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Journal of Environmental and Public Health
|July 17, 2023
Summary
For container ships, using heavy fuel oil with scrubbers is currently most cost-effective. Low-sulfur fuel oil and methanol offer better long-term environmental and economic benefits, especially as emission control area regulations tighten.
Area of Science:
- Marine Engineering
- Environmental Science
- Maritime Economics
Background:
- Global shipping expansion exacerbates marine pollution.
- Emission reduction is a key challenge for the shipping industry.
Purpose of the Study:
- Optimize container ship operations within and outside Emission Control Areas (ECAs).
- Evaluate economic and environmental impacts of various fuels (HFO, LSFO, LNG, methanol).
- Analyze sensitivity to ECA proportion and ship speed.
Main Methods:
- Developed annual operating cycle models.
- Assessed fuel cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits.
- Conducted sensitivity analysis on ECA ratio and ship speed.
Main Results:
- Currently, HFO with scrubbers is most cost-effective short-term.
- LSFO and methanol present balanced cost and environmental benefits.
- LNG is currently not economically attractive.
- Methanol becomes optimal when ECA ratio exceeds 47%.
Conclusions:
- Reducing ship speed cuts emissions but lowers profits; a short-term measure.
- Transitioning to green energy is crucial for long-term sustainability and "zero carbon" goals.
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