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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Colloid Science

Background:

  • Nematic liquid crystals exhibit unique orientational order.
  • Colloidal particles can influence and interact with nematic order.
  • Pyramidal cone shells present novel geometries for colloidal studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the arrangement and interactions of hollow pyramidal cone shells in a nematic host.
  • Analyze the influence of shell thickness on nematic coherence length.
  • Determine the colloidal behavior using free energy minimization and surface energy.

Main Methods:

  • Minimization of Landau-de Gennes free energy.
  • Inclusion of Fournier surface energy.
  • Application of the finite element method for numerical simulations.
  • Analysis of particle orientation (parallel and perpendicular to the far director).

Main Results:

  • Colloidal pyramidal cones exhibit both parallel and perpendicular orientations relative to the director.
  • Parallel alignment leads to splay director distortion and boojum defects at shell tips.
  • Perpendicular alignment results in bending distortion without defect patterns.
  • These structures induce long-range dipolar interactions and can form nested configurations.

Conclusions:

  • Hollow pyramidal cone shells serve as versatile building blocks in nematic systems.
  • The orientation of these shells dictates distinct director distortions and defect formations.
  • The induced dipolar interactions facilitate the self-assembly of complex colloidal structures.