Technology-enhanced simulation-based learning in orthodontic education: A scoping review

Area of Science:

• Dental Education
• Orthodontics
• Simulation Technology

Background:

• Technology-enhanced simulations show promise for improving dental student competencies in simulated settings.
• The implementation of these simulations in orthodontic education has not been previously reviewed.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a comprehensive scoping review of technology-enhanced simulations in orthodontic education.
• To summarize the current landscape and identify research gaps.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search from 2000 to 2021 across multiple databases (Scopus, Embase, PubMed, etc.).
• Inclusion of 16 articles detailing 14 digital simulators based on predefined criteria.
• Analysis of simulation formats, applications in orthodontics, and outcome evaluations.

Main Results:

• An increasing trend in the use of technology-enhanced simulations in orthodontic education was observed.
• Simulations included 3D virtual, augmented reality, virtual reality, automaton, haptic, and scenario-based formats.
• Applications spanned diagnosis, treatment planning, bracket positioning, procedures, and cephalometric tracing; however, most studies lacked outcome evaluation beyond the learning level.

Conclusions:

• Current evidence is insufficient to confirm the effectiveness of technology-enhanced simulations in orthodontic education.
• High-fidelity computer-based simulations and robust design research are necessary to establish educational impact.