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Ocular Complications Associated With Diabetes And The Risk Of Sustainable Blindness; A Real World Analysis
Tauseef Mahmood1, Muhammad Faisal Fahim2, Shahid Ahsan3
1Al Ibrahim Eye Hospital, Isra Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Karachi, Pakistan.
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|July 20, 2023
Summary
Most type II diabetes patients experience ocular complications, including cataracts and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy. Poor control of blood sugar and cholesterol significantly increases the risk of these eye conditions.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Type II diabetes is a systemic disease with significant ocular manifestations.
- Ocular comorbidities are common in diabetic patients and can lead to vision loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of ocular comorbidities in patients with type II diabetes.
- To investigate the association between these ocular conditions and systemic factors.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, cross-sectional study of diabetic eye clinic data (April 2014 - February 2022).
- Analysis of demographic, biochemical, and ophthalmic findings, including visual acuity, lens status, corneal health, optic disc, intraocular pressure, and retinopathy.
- Statistical analysis using SPSS 22.
Main Results:
- Over 77% of 43,723 patients had ocular morbidity.
- Common conditions included cataract (28.8%), refractive errors (19.5%), vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (5.83%), and suspected glaucoma (2.76%).
- High low-density lipoprotein and glycated hemoglobin >6.4% were significantly associated with advanced diabetic eye disease and retinopathy.
Conclusions:
- Diabetes frequently leads to ocular morbidities requiring intervention.
- Suboptimal control of biochemical parameters, such as elevated LDL and HbA1c, exacerbates the frequency and severity of ocular complications in diabetic patients.
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