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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

560
The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
560

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2025

Dynamic Navigation in Endodontics: Guided Access Cavity Preparation by Means of a Miniaturized Navigation System
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The Root Complex in Posterior Teeth: A Direct Digital Analysis.

Karim O Ghishan, Emilio Couso-Queiruga, Fernando Suárez-López Del Amo

    The International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry
    |July 20, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study precisely mapped the 3D root complex of posterior teeth. Findings reveal significant variations in root trunk length and root concavities, impacting dental treatment and tool design.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dental Anatomy
    • Digital Dentistry
    • Morphometrics

    Background:

    • Accurate 3D characterization of posterior tooth root complexes is crucial for effective clinical management and technological advancements.
    • Existing data on the detailed morphology of maxillary and mandibular posterior tooth root complexes, including root trunk dimensions and root concavities, is limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To precisely determine the three-dimensional (3D) morphological and dimensional characteristics of the root complex in maxillary and mandibular posterior dentition.
    • To assess features such as root trunk length, root surface area, root concavity width, and furcation entrance.
    • To provide data that can inform clinical practice and the development of dental tools.

    Main Methods:

    • A morphometric analysis of 240 extracted and preserved permanent posterior teeth.
    • Digital scanning of all teeth to capture 3D morphology.
    • Detailed assessment of root complex features, including root trunk and individual root dimensions, root concavities (RC), and furcation entrances.

    Main Results:

    • Maxillary first premolars exhibit a long root trunk (10.49 mm, 65.52% of surface area) with two shorter roots.
    • Mandibular molar root trunks are, on average, 0.8 mm shorter than maxillary molars.
    • Class III furcation involvement is anticipated with specific clinical attachment loss thresholds for molars and maxillary first premolars.
    • Root concavities (RCs) are highly prevalent across evaluated posterior dentitions.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant variations exist in the root complex morphology of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth.
    • Root concavities are a common finding, necessitating careful consideration during clinical procedures.
    • These findings offer valuable insights for clinical management of posterior dentition and guide the development of specialized dental instruments.