Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Difunctionalization of C-C σ-Bonds Enabled by Ring-Strained Boronate Complexes

Enantioenriched organoboron intermediates are important building blocks in organic synthesis and drug discovery. Recently, transition metal-catalyzed enantioselective 1,2-metalate rearrangements of alkenylboronates have emerged as an attractive protocol to access these valuable reagents by installing two different carbon fragments across C═C π-bonds. Herein, we report the development of an iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylation-induced 1,2-metalate rearrangement of bicyclo[1.1.0]butyl (BCB) boronate complexes enabled by strain release, which allows asymmetric difunctionalization of C-C σ-bonds, including dicarbonation and carboboration. This protocol provides a variety of enantioenriched three-dimensional 1,1,3-trisubstituted cyclobutane products bearing a boronic ester that can be readily derivatized. Notably, the reaction gives trans diastereoisomers that result from an anti-addition across the C-C σ-bond, which is in contrast to the syn-additions observed for reactions promoted by Pd^II-aryl complexes and other electrophiles in our previous works. The diastereoselectivity has been rationalized based on a combination of experimental data and density functional theory calculations, which suggest that the BCB boronate complexes are highly nucleophilic and react via early transition states with low activation barriers.