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Hemicyanine-based sensor for mitochondrial viscosity imaging in BV2 cells.

Sufang Ma1, Liang Zhou1, Yingyu Ma1

  • 1College of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China.

Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
|July 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A novel red-emitting fluorescent probe (VP) allows for sensitive detection of mitochondrial viscosity changes. This tool revealed that increased viscosity impairs phagocytosis and is enhanced during mitophagy in living cells.

Keywords:
Fluorescent probeMitochondrial targetingPhagocytosisViscosity detecting

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Mitochondrial viscosity is vital for cellular functions like phagocytosis.
  • Altered mitochondrial viscosity is linked to various diseases and pathological conditions.
  • In vivo detection of mitochondrial viscosity is essential for understanding cellular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe for sensitive and selective detection of viscosity.
  • To investigate the relationship between mitochondrial viscosity, phagocytosis, and mitophagy.
  • To establish a tool for studying viscosity-related cellular processes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a two-step, low-cost, red-emitting fluorescent probe (VP) targeting mitochondria.
  • Calibration of probe fluorescence intensity against viscosity in a water/glycerol mixture.
  • Visualization of mitochondrial viscosity changes in living cells and BV2 cells.
  • Monitoring mitophagy induced by starvation.

Main Results:

  • Probe VP demonstrated high selectivity and sensitivity for viscosity detection, with a strong linear correlation (R² = 0.9985) in the tested range.
  • The probe exhibited a high signal-to-noise ratio (approx. 50-fold) in a water/glycerol system.
  • Increased mitochondrial viscosity was correlated with decreased phagocytic activity in BV2 cells.
  • Mitochondrial viscosity was observed to increase during starvation-induced mitophagy.

Conclusions:

  • The developed probe VP is a valuable tool for real-time monitoring of mitochondrial viscosity in living cells.
  • The findings highlight the significant role of mitochondrial viscosity in regulating phagocytosis.
  • The probe facilitates the study of mitophagy and other viscosity-dependent cellular processes.