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A stabilizing eco-evolutionary feedback loop in the wild.

Laura S Zamorano1, Zachariah Gompert2, Emanuel A Fronhofer3

  • 1Theoretical and Experimental Ecology (SETE), CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France; CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 34095 Montpellier, France; ISEM, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France.

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|July 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eco-evolutionary feedback loops occur in nature, where adaptation in stick insects

Keywords:
crypsiseco-evolutionary dynamicsecological stabilitymaladaptationnatural selectionplant-insect communityprey-predator dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology

Background:

  • Evolution and ecology can occur on contemporary timescales, influencing each other.
  • Eco-evolutionary dynamics describe reciprocal interactions between ecological and evolutionary changes.
  • Empirical evidence for eco-evolutionary feedback in natural populations is scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate eco-evolutionary feedback loops in a natural plant-feeding arthropod community.
  • To demonstrate how adaptation in stick insects influences predation by birds.
  • To show how arthropod abundance affects stick insect evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Studied a plant-feeding arthropod community in the wild.
  • Examined adaptation in stick insect cryptic coloration and its effect on bird predation.
  • Experimentally manipulated arthropod abundance to assess feedback effects on stick insect evolution.

Main Results:

  • Stick insect adaptation in cryptic coloration influences bird predation rates.
  • Reduced arthropod abundance due to predation intensifies selection on stick insect crypsis.
  • A negative feedback loop was identified where ecological changes impact evolutionary trajectories.

Conclusions:

  • Eco-evolutionary feedback loops are present and functional in wild populations.
  • These feedbacks can stabilize ecological systems by preventing directional change.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering reciprocal interactions in ecological and evolutionary dynamics.