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A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products
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Recent advances in triterpenoid pathway elucidation and engineering.

Sandeep Dinday1, Sumit Ghosh2

  • 1CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India.

Biotechnology Advances
|July 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Triterpenoids, valuable compounds from plants, can now be produced sustainably. Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology offer green routes for producing these specialized metabolites in engineered hosts.

Keywords:
AcyltransferaseCytochrome P450 monooxygenaseMetabolic engineeringPathway elucidationTranscription factorTriterpenoidsUDP-glycosyltransferase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolic Engineering
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Triterpenoids are diverse specialized metabolites with pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.
  • Traditional extraction methods are time-consuming and unsustainable.
  • Biosynthesis involves 2,3-oxidosqualene, mevalonate pathway, oxidosqualene cyclases, and other enzymes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biotechnological strategies for elucidating triterpenoid biosynthetic pathways.
  • To discuss the regulation of triterpenoid biosynthesis.
  • To explore advances in engineering triterpenoid pathways for scale-up production.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on triterpenoid biosynthesis and engineering.
  • Analysis of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology approaches.
  • Discussion of heterologous host systems (e.g., E. coli, S. cerevisiae, N. benthamiana).

Main Results:

  • Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology enable pathway reconstruction in heterologous hosts.
  • Engineered hosts offer promising green routes for triterpenoid production.
  • Understanding regulation aids in optimizing production.

Conclusions:

  • Biotechnological strategies are advancing the elucidation and engineering of triterpenoid pathways.
  • Engineered hosts present a sustainable alternative for triterpenoid supply.
  • Further advances in pathway engineering will facilitate large-scale production.