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Association of ABO blood types and clinical variables with COVID-19 infection severity in Libya

Sara A Abdulla1, Hayam A Elawamy2, Negia Ae Mohamed1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.

SAGE Open Medicine
|July 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study identified key COVID-19 risk factors in Libya, finding males, adults over 31, and those with chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension are more susceptible. Smoking also poses a risk for older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues to pose a global health emergency.
  • Addressing the COVID-19 situation in Libya requires enhanced understanding of disease trends and risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the demographics and infection trends of COVID-19 in Libya.
  • To identify potential risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection within the Libyan population.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective case-control study was conducted online.
  • Data from 616 COVID-19 patients were analyzed using logistic regression.
  • Statistical significance was determined using p-values, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals.

Main Results:

  • Males exhibited a higher risk of COVID-19 infection (OR=1.3, p=0.02).
  • Anosmia and ageusia were more prevalent in females.
  • Individuals with blood group AB, adults aged 31 and above, smokers over 60, and those with diabetes or hypertension showed increased susceptibility.
  • Chronic conditions like diabetes (OR=10.045, p=0.000) and hypertension (OR=11.508, p=0.000) were significant risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first demographic data and infection trends for COVID-19 in Libya.
  • Findings will aid stakeholders and government bodies in developing effective pandemic protection strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Libyacase–control studychronic diseasesdemographic dataquestionnaire

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