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Survival and Mortality in Hospitalized Children with COVID-19: A Referral Center Experience in Yazd, Iran

Farimah Shamsi1, Mehran Karimi2, Zahra Nafei2

  • 1Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology = Journal Canadien Des Maladies Infectieuses Et De La Microbiologie Medicale
|July 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Male sex, lymphopenia, and hypoxia were key predictors of mortality in pediatric COVID-19 patients. Identifying these risk factors can improve survival rates for hospitalized children with COVID-19.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Epidemiology of COVID-19

Background:

  • COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) prognostic risk factors, therapeutic protocols, and clinical outcomes in pediatric cases require further investigation.
  • Understanding pediatric COVID-19 outcomes is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the survival time and identify prognostic risk factors for hospitalized children diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To inform clinical decision-making and improve survival rates in pediatric COVID-19 cases.

Main Methods:

  • A historical cohort study was conducted involving hospitalized children aged 1 month to 18 years with COVID-19.
  • Data were collected from March 2020 to August 2021, with a minimum one-month follow-up after discharge.
  • Bayesian Cox regression analysis was employed to identify significant predictors of survival time.

Main Results:

  • Out of 183 hospitalized children, 24 (13.1%) deceased. The overall one-month survival rate was 0.88.
  • Significant predictors of reduced survival included male sex, prior hospitalization history, lymphopenia, hypoxia, and a length of stay exceeding two weeks.
  • The median age of the study population was 5.41 years, with 54.2% being male.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying key predictors of poor outcomes in pediatric COVID-19 is essential for optimizing therapeutic protocols.
  • Risk stratification based on factors like sex, lymphopenia, and hypoxia can aid healthcare providers in tailoring treatments to individual patient needs.
  • This study highlights the importance of considering specific clinical and laboratory findings to improve survival in hospitalized children with COVID-19.
Abstract

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