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The CXCL9/10/11-CXCR3 axis as a predictor of COVID-19 progression: a prospective, case-control study

Neslihan Çelik1, Onur Çelik2, Esra Laloğlu3

  • 1Health Sciences University, Erzurum Regional Education and Research Hospital, Department of Infection Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Erzurum, Turkey.

Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical
|July 26, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Chemokine (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11) and receptor (CXCR3) levels correlate with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Higher levels indicate worse outcomes, aiding in clinical decision-making for patient prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • COVID-19 pathogenesis involves complex immune responses.
  • Chemokines and their receptors play a role in inflammatory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 levels and COVID-19 patient mortality.
  • To determine if these markers can predict disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure serum levels of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3.
  • Study included 71 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 35 healthy controls.
  • Patients were categorized by disease severity (mild, moderate, severe) and outcome (survived, deceased).

Main Results:

  • Significantly elevated CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 levels were observed in severe COVID-19 patients compared to non-severe cases.
  • These chemokine levels were higher in both COVID-19 patient groups than in healthy controls.
  • Deceased patients exhibited higher levels of these chemokines compared to survivors.

Conclusions:

  • CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 levels are significantly associated with COVID-19 disease severity.
  • These biomarkers can serve as valuable indicators for predicting patient outcomes and guiding clinical management decisions.
Abstract

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