Factors Related to Burnout Among Perinatal Home Visiting Nurses

Risks for burnout among nurses have been understudied in public and community health settings. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to describe the experiences of nurses working in a perinatal community health program for high-risk families with a focus on challenges and risks for burnout.

We conducted field observation and semistructured individual interviews in 2019 with nurses at 2 sites implementing Prenatal Care Coordination (PNCC), a Medicaid benefit for high-risk pregnant people and infants in Wisconsin. A larger parent study assessed the implementation of PNCC overall through a thematic analysis process. Initial deductive coding was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

Emergent themes demonstrated that PNCC nurses face several significant barriers and known risks for burnout, including role strain related to scope of practice and training, discordant racial and socioeconomic identities leading to role conflict, and low control combined with high psychological demand.

Given that the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated burnout risk among nurses in hospital settings, and that nurses addressing social determinants of health may be at increased risk for burnout, these findings represent a critical perspective on the experiences and needs of perinatal nurses in public and community health settings.