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Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
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ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Cross Sectional Study of Rural Population.

Neha Kumari1, Rajeev Ahirwar1, Amarjeet Yadav1

  • 1Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.

Biochemical Genetics
|July 28, 2023
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Summary

The ACE gene

Keywords:
Angiotensin-converting enzymeCardiovascular diseaseDiabeticsGene polymorphismHypertensionInsertion/deletion polymorphism

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
  • Population Health

Background:

  • The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) gene is linked to cardiovascular disease.
  • Metabolic disorders are increasingly prevalent in rural populations of developing nations, yet research often overlooks these groups.
  • Understanding genetic predispositions to cardiovascular risk factors in understudied rural populations is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in the rural Yadav population of India.
  • To investigate the association between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and cardiovascular risk factors within this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 207 individuals from the Yadav community.
  • Collection of socio-demographic, anthropometric, physiological (blood pressure), and biochemical (fasting glucose, lipid profile) data.
  • Analysis of ACE gene I/D polymorphism using allele-specific PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis.

Main Results:

  • The DD genotype (55.6%) was significantly more frequent than II (16.4%) and ID (28.0%) genotypes.
  • Allele frequencies were 0.31 for I and 0.69 for D.
  • The DD genotype showed a significant association with high total cholesterol (TC), high triglycerides (TG), and low non-HDL cholesterol levels (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • The DD genotype of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism is prevalent in the rural Yadav population.
  • This genotype is associated with key cardiovascular disease risk factors, including dyslipidemia.
  • Findings highlight the importance of genetic factors in cardiovascular health within rural Indian communities.