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Related Concept Videos

Pipe Flowrate Measurement01:28

Pipe Flowrate Measurement

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In pipe flow measurement, orifice, nozzle, and Venturi meters are commonly used to determine fluid flowrates by constricting the flow area, which increases fluid velocity and reduces pressure. This pressure difference, governed by Bernoulli's principle and adjusted for real-world conditions, is essential for calculating flowrate. Each meter type is suited to specific applications based on accuracy, efficiency, and compatibility with various flow conditions.
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Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

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Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
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Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I01:21

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There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
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Constant Pressure Calorimetry03:02

Constant Pressure Calorimetry

85.5K
Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...
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Temperature Measurement Sites

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A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
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Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
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Thermal Flow Meter with Integrated Thermal Conductivity Sensor.

Shirin Azadi Kenari1, Remco J Wiegerink1, Henk-Willem Veltkamp2

  • 1Integrated Devices and Systems Group (IDS), University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands.

Micromachines
|July 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This novel thermal flow sensor chip measures gas flow and type independently. It uses calorimetric sensors for flow and a unique thermal conductivity sensor for gas identification, improving flow rate accuracy.

Keywords:
Wheatstone bridgecalorimetric sensorthermal conductivitythermal flow sensor

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Area of Science:

  • Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)
  • Thermal sensing technologies
  • Gas analysis

Background:

  • Accurate gas flow measurement is crucial in various industrial and scientific applications.
  • Existing thermal flow sensors often require calibration for different gases, limiting their versatility.
  • Distinguishing gas types is essential for precise flow rate determination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, gas-independent thermal flow sensor chip.
  • To integrate calorimetric flow sensors with a thermal conductivity sensor for simultaneous flow and gas identification.
  • To enable accurate flow rate measurements across various gas types without recalibration.

Main Methods:

  • Design and simulation of a microfabricated thermal flow sensor chip using COMSOL.
  • Integration of three calorimetric sensors for flow profile and direction, and one thermal conductivity sensor for gas identification.
  • Experimental validation using Helium, Nitrogen, Argon, and Carbon Dioxide.

Main Results:

  • The sensor chip successfully measured thermal conductivity for multiple gases, including air (0.02522 W/m·K with 2.9% error).
  • Demonstrated capability to identify gas types, enabling correction of flow rate measurements.
  • Validated the sensor's performance for flow profile and direction detection.

Conclusions:

  • The developed gas-independent thermal flow sensor chip offers a versatile solution for multi-gas flow monitoring.
  • The integrated thermal conductivity sensor effectively identifies gas types, enhancing flow measurement accuracy.
  • This technology has potential applications in systems requiring precise control and monitoring of gas flows.