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Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Allergy Traits at Second Year of Life: BRISA Cohort Study
Alessandra Karla Oliveira Amorim Muniz1, Elcio Oliveira Vianna2, Luana Lopes Padilha1
1Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão-UFMA, Sao Luis 65020-060, Maranhao, Brazil.
Insights
Higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in early childhood is linked to an increased risk of allergy traits. Reducing SSB consumption may help prevent allergic diseases in young children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Nutrition Science
- Immunology
Background:
- Rising sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in early life is a growing public health concern.
- Potential links between SSBs and increased allergy risk in children warrant investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the association between SSB consumption and allergy traits in children during their second year of life.
- To investigate the impact of early-life SSB exposure on the development of allergic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the São Luís BRISA prenatal cohort, following 1144 children into their second year.
- Allergy traits were defined as a latent variable from diagnoses of allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies.
- SSB intake was quantified as a percentage of daily calories using 24-hour recalls, including industrialized juices and soft drinks.
Main Results:
- Higher daily caloric intake from SSBs was significantly associated with increased allergy trait values (SC = 0.174, p = 0.025).
- Older age was associated with lower allergy trait values (SC = -0.181, p = 0.030).
- Episodes of diarrhea were correlated with allergy traits (SC = 0.287, p = 0.015).
Conclusions:
- Early-life exposure to sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with a higher prevalence of allergy traits in children.
- Reducing SSB consumption in early childhood may offer protective benefits against the development of allergic diseases.
Abstract:
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage (SSBs) consumption has risen in early life and it is plausible that it might increase children's risk of allergies. In this paper, we analyzed the association of SSB consumption with allergies in children's second year of life. This study analyzed data from a São Luís BRISA prenatal cohort in the follow-up of children (n = 1144) in their second year of life. Allergy Traits were a latent variable deduced from medical diagnoses of allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. SSBs were investigated as a percentage of daily calories based on 24 h recalls, including industrialized fruit juices, soft drinks, and ready-made chocolate milk. Other variables analyzed were socioeconomic status, age, body mass index z-score, episodes of diarrhea, and breastfeeding. Our finds were that higher consumption of daily calories from SSBs was associated with higher Allergy Trait values (SC = 0.174; p = 0.025); older age (SC = -0.181; p = 0.030) was associated with lower Allergy Trait values; and episodes of diarrhea were correlated with Allergy Traits (SC = 0.287; p = 0.015). SSB exposure was associated with Allergy Traits in children's second year of life; thus, abstaining from these beverages may also confer additional advantages in curtailing allergic diseases during early childhood.
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