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Related Concept Videos

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Cranial and Spinal Meninges

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
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Intracranial Arachnoiditis and Hydrocephalus.

Sara de Carvalho1, Ana Almeida1, Carina Reis1

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal.

World Neurosurgery
|July 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Intracranial arachnoiditis, a complication of meningeal inflammation, can cause hydrocephalus by blocking cerebrospinal fluid flow. High-resolution MRI effectively visualizes these adhesions, aiding diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
CISSHydrocephalusIntracranial arachnoiditisMagnetic resonance imaging

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Endovascular Perforation Model for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
09:14

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model

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Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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Endovascular Perforation Model for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI
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Endovascular Perforation Model for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Subarachnoid hemorrhage can lead to hydrocephalus.
  • Intracranial arachnoiditis involves meningeal inflammation and adhesions, potentially obstructing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation.

Observation:

  • A patient with nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage developed hydrocephalus and clinical deterioration after external ventricular drain removal.
  • Brain MRI revealed recurrent hydrocephalus and multiple arachnoid adhesions in basal cisterns, indicative of intracranial arachnoiditis.

Findings:

  • Intracranial arachnoiditis can cause loculated hydrocephalus due to fibrosis and adhesions restricting CSF flow.
  • Heavily T2-weighted high-resolution MRI sequences provide detailed visualization of arachnoiditis and obstructive cisternal membranes.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of intracranial arachnoiditis is crucial for managing hydrocephalus.
  • Advanced MRI techniques enhance the assessment and treatment planning for hydrocephalus secondary to arachnoiditis.