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Systematic review of the oral manifestations produced by the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

Carmen López-Carriches1, Tomás Santana-Torres2, Ricardo Bahram-Taheri2

  • 1Associate Professor. Department of Dental Clinic Specialties. School of Dentistry. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Spain.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
|July 31, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

COVID-19 vaccines can cause oral side effects like oral lichen planus, particularly in women receiving the Pfizer mRNA vaccine. These oral symptoms are generally minor and resolve with treatment, with vaccine benefits outweighing risks.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Oral Medicine

Background:

  • The global rollout of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has been crucial in managing the pandemic.
  • Reports of adverse effects following vaccination have emerged, including various oral manifestations.
  • Understanding these oral complications is important for patient management and vaccine safety monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the scientific literature.
  • To analyze and document oral cavity complications associated with COVID-19 vaccines.
  • To assess the prevalence and characteristics of vaccine-related oral lesions.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive bibliographic search was performed across six major electronic databases.
  • Two independent reviewers screened and selected relevant studies.
  • A total of 22 articles were included in the final analysis.

Main Results:

  • Oral lichen planus was identified as the most frequent adverse effect.
  • A higher prevalence of oral lichen planus was observed in women.
  • The Pfizer mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine was most commonly associated with these oral manifestations.

Conclusions:

  • Reported oral complications from COVID-19 vaccines are generally minor.
  • These oral symptoms typically resolve with appropriate treatment.
  • The established benefits of COVID-19 vaccination significantly outweigh the potential risks of oral adverse effects.

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