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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Emerging biomedical imaging-based companion diagnostics for precision medicine.

Shiyi Liao¹, Mengjie Zhou¹, Youjuan Wang¹

¹State Key Laboratory for Chemo, Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical, Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.

|July 31, 2023

Summary

Companion diagnostics (CDx) paired with molecular imaging can overcome limitations of current tests. This approach enables dynamic in vivo monitoring of tumor heterogeneity and treatment response for precision medicine.

Keywords:

Biomedical engineering Diagnostics

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Medical Imaging
Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

Tumor heterogeneity impacts prognosis and treatment efficacy.
Current companion diagnostics (CDx) primarily use in vitro/ex vivo methods, limiting dynamic in vivo monitoring.
In vivo monitoring is crucial for assessing dynamic changes in tumor microenvironments.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advancements in molecular imaging for predicting and assessing cancer therapy response.
To highlight biomarkers used in imaging-based CDx tests.
To explore the role of imaging-based CDx in advancing precision medicine.

Main Methods:

Review of recent developments in molecular imaging techniques.
Analysis of biomarkers utilized in imaging-based companion diagnostics.
Discussion of the integration of imaging with companion diagnostics for cancer therapy.

Main Results:

Molecular imaging offers dynamic measurement of tumor heterogeneity and treatment response.
Imaging-based CDx can complement traditional CDx tests by providing in vivo data.
Patient stratification and identification of treatment benefits are enhanced through imaging-based approaches.

Conclusions:

Imaging-based companion diagnostics represent a significant advancement in precision oncology.
This approach facilitates dynamic monitoring of therapeutic responses and tumor heterogeneity.
Further development in this field promises to improve patient outcomes and personalize cancer treatment.