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Leveraging Turbidity and Thromboelastography for Complementary Clot Characterization
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Exploring microplastic impact on whole blood clotting dynamics utilizing thromboelastography.

Alexei Christodoulides1, Abigail Hall1, Nathan J Alves1,2

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.

Frontiers in Public Health
|July 31, 2023
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Summary

Microplastic surface properties significantly impact human blood clotting. Carboxylated microplastics strongly activate clotting, while aminated and non-functionalized particles show varied effects depending on size and concentration.

Keywords:
TEGcoagulationmicroplasticsnanoplasticspolystyrenethromboelastographythrombosis

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Microplastics (MPs) are emerging environmental contaminants.
  • Limited research exists on how MP characteristics influence blood coagulation.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for assessing health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of microplastic size and surface chemistry on human whole blood clotting dynamics.
  • To compare the procoagulant effects of aminated, carboxylated, and non-functionalized polystyrene microplastics.
  • To determine the influence of microplastic concentration and size on clotting activation.

Main Methods:

  • Human whole blood was analyzed using thromboelastography (TEG).
  • Polystyrene microparticles (PS) of varying sizes (50, 100, 500 nm) and surface modifications (aminated, carboxylated, non-functionalized) were used.
  • TEG parameters were measured to assess clotting activation and strength.

Main Results:

  • Carboxylated microplastics (cPS) consistently activated the clotting cascade, increasing fibrin polymerization and clot strength in a size- and concentration-dependent manner.
  • Non-functionalized microplastics (nPS) showed minimal impact, except for 50 nm particles at low concentrations.
  • Aminated microplastics (aPS) exhibited procoagulant effects similar to cPS for 100 nm particles, but these effects were reduced for 500 nm aPS.

Conclusions:

  • Microplastic surface chemistry and size are critical determinants of their effect on in-vitro blood clotting.
  • Carboxylated microplastics pose a higher risk for inducing blood clot formation.
  • Further research is needed to understand the in-vivo implications of these findings.