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Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers
Published on: November 9, 2019
A New Short Version of Internet Gaming Disorder-20: An Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling
Palmira Faraci1, Rossella Bottaro1, Giuliana Nasonte1
1Faculty of Human and Social Sciences - University of Enna "Kore".
Objective:
The purpose of this paper was to contribute to the psychometric properties and dimensionality of the IGD-20.
Method:
An online survey was completed by 392 Italian online gamers (Mage = 29.2, SD = 11.3; 45.2% males). A battery of self-report questionnaires was administered to assess internet gaming disorder, internet addiction, loneliness, anxiety, depression, stress, social-interaction anxiety, self-esteem, and perceived social support. To test the factor structure of IGD-20, both traditional (i.e., EFA and CFA) and innovative (i.e., ESEM) techniques were applied. Convergent, concurrent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity were evaluated.
Results:
Our study revealed the outperforming 3-factor ESEM model (χ2=39.951, p = 0.0021; RMSEA = 0.056, 90% C.I. [0.032 - 0.079]; CFI = 0.986; TLI = 0.965; and SRMR = 0.017; ω = .76, .77, and .79, respectively) as a new short version (IGD-10SV) for the IGD-20. The validity of the IGD-10SV was supported by significant associations with theoretically related measures.
Conclusions:
The current findings support the adoption of the analytic ESEM approach for complex multidimensional measures and the use of the IGD-10SV for the assessment of internet gaming disorder.
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