Embedding Hierarchical Pores by Mechanochemistry in Carbonates with Superior Chemoselective Catalysis and Stability

Hierarchical porosity of carbonates can facilitate their performance in massive applications as compared to their corresponding bulk samples. Traditional solution-based precipitation is typically utilized to fabricate porous carbonates. However, this tactic is generally employed under humid conditions, which demand soluble metal precursors, solvents, and extended dry periods. A salt-assisted mechanochemistry is exploited in contemporary work to settle the shortcomings. Enlighted by solid-state technology, this approach eliminates the utilization of solvents, and the process of ball milling can create pores in 5 min. A range of highly porous carbonates and their derivatives are acquired, with several materials surpassing recording surface areas (e.g., H-CaCO₃: 108 m²/g, SrCO₃: 125 m²/g, BaCO₃: 172 m²/g, Pd/H-CaCO₃ catalyst: 101 m²/g). The results display that Pd/H-CaCO₃ shows superior catalytic efficiency in the synthesis of aniline (turnover frequency [TON] = 1.33 × 10⁴/h^-1, yield ≥ 99%, and recycle stability: 11 cycles) and dye degradation. Combining mechanochemistry and salt-assisted tactic provides a facile and efficient pathway for processing porous materials.