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A multifunctional soft robotic shape display with high-speed actuation, sensing, and control.

B K Johnson1, M Naris1, V Sundaram1

  • 1Paul M. Rady Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.

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Researchers developed a novel soft shape display using electrohydraulic actuators and magnetic sensors. This high-speed, multifunctional display enables advanced applications in robotics, haptics, and beyond.

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Materials Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Existing shape displays in robotics often struggle with high-fidelity morphing, rapid deformation, and integrated sensing capabilities.
  • These limitations hinder their application in fields like haptics, manufacturing, and aerodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multifunctional soft shape display with enhanced performance characteristics.
  • To address the limitations of current shape-morphing technologies through integrated actuation and sensing.

Main Methods:

  • A 10x10 array of scalable cellular units was engineered, integrating high-speed electrohydraulic soft actuation and magnetic-based sensing.
  • Control circuitry was embedded within the cellular units for coordinated operation.
  • The system was designed for high-performance, reversible shape morphing and sensitive state detection.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated high-performance reversible shape morphing at frequencies up to 50 Hz.
  • Achieved high-sensitivity sensing of surface deformations (0.1 mm) and external forces (50 mN) per cell.
  • Showcased diverse applications including user interaction, image display, object mass sensing, and dynamic manipulation of solids and liquids.

Conclusions:

  • The developed soft shape display offers rich multifunctionality and high-performance capabilities.
  • Tightly integrating electrohydraulic actuators, soft sensors, and controllers at scale is key to advancing soft robotics.
  • This technology opens new avenues for interactive surfaces, advanced robotics, and novel sensing applications.