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Alvarez varifocal X-ray lens.

Vishal Dhamgaye1,2, David Laundy3, Hossein Khosroabadi3

  • 1Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0DE, UK. vishal.dhamgaye@diamond.ac.uk.

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|July 31, 2023
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Summary

This study introduces the Alvarez X-ray lens, a novel optical element that adaptively corrects aberrations in X-ray optics. This microfabricated refractive lens offers variable focusing power for X-ray mirrors and lenses.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • X-ray Science and Technology
  • Microfabrication

Background:

  • Visible light optics utilize Alvarez lenses for variable focusing power.
  • X-ray optics require advanced solutions for aberration correction and focal length adjustment.
  • Microfabrication techniques enable the creation of complex optical elements for X-rays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement an Alvarez lens concept for X-ray applications.
  • To demonstrate adaptive aberration correction in X-ray optics.
  • To achieve variable focal distances for X-ray mirrors and lenses.

Main Methods:

  • Design and microfabrication of two planar refractive elements for X-rays.
  • Implementation of the Alvarez lens principle with lateral displacement of refractive elements.
  • Integration of the Alvarez X-ray lens with elliptical X-ray mirrors and compound X-ray lenses.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of the Alvarez X-ray lens.
  • Adaptive correction of defocus and astigmatism aberrations achieved.
  • Variable focal distance adjustment over several millimeters demonstrated.
  • Elimination of coma aberration in elliptical mirrors shown.

Conclusions:

  • The Alvarez X-ray lens is a viable technology for adaptive aberration correction in X-ray optics.
  • This innovation allows for dynamic control of focal length in X-ray systems.
  • The Alvarez X-ray lens significantly enhances the performance and versatility of X-ray imaging and microscopy.