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Nutritional Strategies to Optimize Outcomes among Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Audrey N Miller1, Angelo Naples2

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.

Neoreviews
|July 31, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) often experience growth failure due to complex factors. Standardized feeding protocols can significantly improve growth and outcomes for these vulnerable infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Neonatology
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Growth failure affects about half of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD).
  • Complex cardiac and noncardiac factors impact energy expenditure and nutritional intake in these infants.
  • Poor growth is linked to adverse outcomes, including mortality and developmental delays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges in managing nutrition for infants with CHD.
  • To address the wide variation in clinical practice regarding enteral feeding.
  • To emphasize the benefits of standardized feeding protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and existing guidelines for nutritional management in infants with CHD.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to growth failure in this population.
  • Evaluation of the impact of standardized feeding protocols on growth and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Significant variation exists in enteral feeding strategies (initiation, advancement, discontinuation).
  • Existing practice guidelines have not fully standardized nutritional care.
  • Standardized feeding protocols demonstrate efficacy in reducing growth failure.

Conclusions:

  • Adoption of standardized feeding protocols is crucial for improving growth in infants with CHD.
  • Clinicians and institutions should implement evidence-based guidelines to optimize nutritional care.
  • Improved nutritional management can lead to better clinical outcomes and reduced complications.

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