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Behavioral Health Care Delivery Through Street Medicine Programs in California
Kimberly Y Su1, Brett J Feldman2, Corinne T Feldman2
1Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA. kysu@usc.edu.
Community Mental Health Journal
|August 1, 2023
Summary
Street Medicine programs often use non-psychiatrists for mental health and substance use care, facing challenges in providing comprehensive services. This approach shows potential for improving behavioral health access for unhoused individuals.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Mental Health Services
- Homelessness Research
Background:
- Mental health and substance use disorders disproportionately affect individuals experiencing homelessness.
- Street Medicine offers a vital outreach method for unhoused populations facing healthcare access barriers.
- Limited established best practices exist for delivering behavioral health treatment via Street Medicine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the delivery of behavioral health care within Street Medicine initiatives.
- To identify challenges and opportunities in providing mental health and substance use services to the unhoused through Street Medicine.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the California Street Medicine Landscape survey.
- Inclusion of follow-up qualitative interviews to gather in-depth insights.
Main Results:
- Most Street Medicine programs rely on non-psychiatrists for diagnosing and treating mental health and substance use disorders.
- Variable capacity exists among programs to deliver the required level of behavioral health care.
- A significant shortage of street-based psychiatric clinicians was identified.
- Programs encounter difficulties in referring patients to specialized mental health and addiction services.
Conclusions:
- Street Medicine can be a crucial strategy for expanding access to behavioral health care for individuals experiencing homelessness.
- Addressing the shortage of psychiatric clinicians and improving referral pathways are essential for enhancing Street Medicine's impact.
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