Biologics to treat anaphylaxis

Area of Science:

• Allergy and Immunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction impacting a significant portion of the U.S. population.
• Current acute management focuses on epinephrine and supportive care, with antihistamines used adjunctively.

Approach:

• This literature review examines current nonbiologic and biologic management strategies for anaphylaxis.
• It highlights the synergistic potential of combining conventional and biologic therapies.

Key Points:

• Biologic therapies, primarily monoclonal antibodies targeting IgE, are emerging for anaphylaxis prevention.
• Omalizumab is the most studied biologic, with others like ligelizumab and dupilumab showing promise.
• Understanding anaphylaxis phenotypes and endotypes is crucial for advancing biologic applications.

Conclusions:

• Biologics represent a significant advancement in anaphylaxis prevention, offering targeted mechanisms beyond traditional treatments.
• Further research into novel biologics and their integration with existing therapies is warranted to improve patient care and outcomes.