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    Researchers minimized optical beam scintillation using convex optimization. The study found incoherent light minimizes scintillation but reduces receiver intensity, proposing a new cost function to balance both factors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical communications
    • Beam propagation
    • Wave physics

    Background:

    • Scintillation in optical beams poses challenges for free-space optical communications.
    • Minimizing scintillation is a complex optimization problem with limited known solutions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate and formulate the general problem of minimizing optical beam scintillation.
    • To find analytical and numerical solutions for scintillation reduction.
    • To develop a method balancing scintillation reduction and signal intensity.

    Main Methods:

    • Formulation of scintillation minimization as a convex optimization problem.
    • Derivation of an analytical solution.
    • Numerical simulations to evaluate beam characteristics and performance.
    • Development and application of a novel convex cost function.

    Main Results:

    • An analytical solution shows that incoherent light minimizes scintillation.
    • Numerical results indicate that scintillation-minimizing beams have low receiver intensity.
    • A new cost function effectively balances scintillation and intensity.
    • Optimized beams reduce scintillation while maintaining higher receiver intensity.

    Conclusions:

    • Convex optimization provides a framework for minimizing optical beam scintillation.
    • Incoherent light is optimal for scintillation reduction but impacts intensity.
    • A balanced cost function offers a practical approach for designing optical beams with reduced scintillation and preserved intensity.