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Time-varying media offer novel ways to control thermal radiation. This quantum theory reveals unique emission properties, including overcoming black-body limits and enabling advanced thermal emitters.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Electromagnetism
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Time-varying media offer new possibilities for controlling wave phenomena.
  • Understanding thermal radiation in dynamic media is crucial for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive quantum theoretical formulation for thermal emission in time-modulated media.
  • To explore unique physical features and phenomena arising from time-varying media.

Main Methods:

  • Macroscopic quantum electrodynamics framework.
  • Development of a quantum theoretical formulation.
  • Analysis of fluctuating electromagnetic currents and thermal emission spectra.

Main Results:

  • Unveiled nontrivial correlations between fluctuating electromagnetic currents.
  • Demonstrated thermal radiation exceeding the black-body spectrum.
  • Observed quantum vacuum amplification effects at finite temperatures.
  • Showcased strong field fluctuations within epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) bodies.
  • Enabled narrowband, partially coherent emission across wavevectors.

Conclusions:

  • Time-varying media provide a powerful platform for manipulating thermal radiation.
  • The developed theory enables the design of innovative thermal emitters with unique spectral properties.
  • This work opens new avenues for controlling light-matter interactions in dynamic systems.