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Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Optimization of a Multiplex RNA-based Expression Assay Using Breast Cancer Archival Material
Published on: August 1, 2018
[Updated CAP guidelines for determining molecular biological subtypes of breast cancer]
L E Zavalishina1, E M Oliushina1, Yu Yu Andreeva1
1Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia.
Abstract:
Updated 2023 guidelines from the College of American Pathologists (CAP) on immunohistochemical detection of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2), receptors of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR), and the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 in breast cancer are presented. Attention is drawn to the emergence of two new terms «ER Low Positive» and «HER2 Low» to characterize tumors with low expression of estrogen receptors and HER2.
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