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Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
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Perinatal Depression Screening Among Sexual Minority Women.

Leiszle Lapping-Carr1, Ashley Dennard1, Katherine L Wisner1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

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Summary

Sexual minority women giving birth were more likely to be screened for and test positive for postpartum depression. However, their sexual orientation was often not documented in medical records, highlighting a need for better data collection.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Mental Health
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • A significant portion of births in the US are to sexual minority women, yet research on their perinatal depression screening is limited.
  • Sexual minority individuals face higher rates of risk factors for perinatal depression, such as intimate partner violence and a history of mental illness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of sexual minority women giving birth in an academic medical center.
  • To compare perinatal depression screening rates and scores between sexual minority women and heterosexual cisgender women.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study analyzed deidentified medical records of 18,243 women who gave birth between January and December 2019.
  • Data included the proportion of women identified as sexual minorities, depression screening rates using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and screening scores.

Main Results:

  • Only 1.5% of women were identified as sexual minorities in medical records.
  • Sexual minority women were more likely to attend prenatal and postpartum care visits.
  • Sexual minority women had higher rates of postpartum depression screening and positive screening results compared to heterosexual women.

Conclusions:

  • Sexual minority women receiving care in this academic medical center were highly engaged in obstetric care but at elevated risk for postpartum depression.
  • Sexual orientation was frequently undocumented in medical records, indicating limitations in using medical record review for capturing this data.
  • Future research should incorporate strategies for systematically measuring sexual orientation to better understand and address perinatal mental health disparities.