Fifth metatarsal strain distribution during cutting motions in soccer

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Sports Medicine
• Orthopedics

Background:

• Fifth metatarsal fractures are common in soccer players, often occurring during cutting motions.
• Understanding the specific mechanisms of strain generation is crucial for injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the strain generation mechanism of the fifth metatarsal during soccer cutting motions.
• To utilize a finite element (FE) foot model for analyzing these biomechanical forces.

Main Methods:

• Five collegiate soccer players performed side-step and cross-step cutting motions.
• Collected data included 3D foot kinematics, ground reaction forces, and plantar pressure.
• A detailed FE foot model was created using CT images, incorporating bones, ligaments, and skin.

Main Results:

• During side-step cutting, maximum principal strain on the fifth metatarsal correlated with forefoot adduction angle during the stepping-out phase.
• During cross-step cutting, maximum principal strain correlated with plantar pressure at the distal end of the fifth metatarsal.

Conclusions:

• Preventing fifth metatarsal fractures requires specific interventions based on the cutting motion.
• For side-step cutting, reducing lateral bending deformation of the forefoot is key.
• For cross-step cutting, minimizing plantar pressure on the distal fifth metatarsal is essential.