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Nutrition for Infants with Congenital Heart Disease
Jasmeet Kataria-Hale1, Laura Gollins2, Krista Bonagurio3
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Mission Hospital, 509 Biltmore Avenue, Asheville, NC 28801, USA.
Clinics in Perinatology
|August 3, 2023
Summary
Infants with congenital heart disease need standardized nutrition. Early enteral feeding combined with parenteral nutrition improves growth and outcomes for these vulnerable infants.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Neonatal Nutrition
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Perioperative malnutrition is a significant issue in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD).
- Malnutrition is linked to poor growth and adverse short- and long-term health outcomes.
- A tailored nutritional strategy is crucial for this patient population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the need for a standardized nutritional approach in neonates with CHD.
- To emphasize the importance of considering specific clinical factors in nutritional planning.
- To advocate for early and comprehensive nutritional support.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature and clinical guidelines on neonatal nutrition and CHD.
- Analysis of factors influencing nutritional requirements in CHD infants.
- Discussion of optimal feeding strategies, including enteral and parenteral nutrition.
Main Results:
- Early enteral feeding is a key component of nutritional management.
- Parenteral nutrition is essential to meet fluid and nutrient demands when enteral intake is insufficient.
- Individualized plans accounting for cardiac lesion type, surgical period, and prematurity are necessary.
Conclusions:
- A standardized, individualized nutrition plan is vital for infants with CHD.
- Optimizing nutrition perioperatively can mitigate growth failure and improve patient outcomes.
- Integrated enteral and parenteral nutrition strategies are recommended.
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