Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mutations01:39

Mutations

83.6K
Overview
83.6K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

10.7K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.7K
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

56.5K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
56.5K
Translation01:31

Translation

15.0K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
15.0K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

21.3K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
21.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Immune correlates analysis in NextCOVE trial for a next-generation mRNA-1283 COVID-19 vaccine.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics·2026
Same author

NAT10/ac<sup>4</sup>C drives intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by suppressing transposable elements via chromatin remodeling.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

LncRNA MEG3 regulates the development of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells by enhancing HMGA1 stability.

Cellular & molecular biology letters·2026
Same author

Association between COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and epidemic force of infection.

NPJ vaccines·2026
Same author

Deciphering the epigenomic regulatory variations reveals function diversity in adipose lineage among different adipose depots of pigs.

Cell & bioscience·2025
Same author

A Test-Negative Design for Immune Correlates Approximates a Traditional Exposure-Proximal Design but Requires Far Fewer Blood Samples.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2025
Same journal

Molecular Interplay of PARN and Telomerase: Tail Modifiers and Disease Implications.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA·2026
Same journal

Exploring New Frontiers in Bone Metabolism: Role and Potential of lncRNA DANCR.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA·2026
Same journal

Functional Inclusion of RNA Biology in the Tethered Extracellular Matrix.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA·2026
Same journal

Structural and Functional Diversity of RNA-Containing Toxin-Antitoxin Systems.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA·2026
Same journal

Promoter-Targeting RNA Technologies: An Epigenetic Strategy for Gene Activation and Gene Silencing.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA·2026
Same journal

LncRNA PCAT18: Roles and Mechanisms in Human Cancers.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
07:23

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

Published on: May 30, 2025

451

Noncoding RNA mutations in cancer.

Honghong Zhou1, Xinpei Hao1,2, Peng Zhang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Center for Big Data Research in Health, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|August 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variations in noncoding RNAs play a crucial role in cancer development. Mutations in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) can lead to cancer predisposition and progression.

Keywords:
cancergenetic variationgermlinemutationnoncoding RNAssomatic mutation

More Related Videos

Visualizing Genetic Variants, Short Targets, and Point Mutations in the Morphological Tissue Context with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay
10:57

Visualizing Genetic Variants, Short Targets, and Point Mutations in the Morphological Tissue Context with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay

Published on: August 14, 2018

10.7K
CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

2.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 20, 2025

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
07:23

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

Published on: May 30, 2025

451
Visualizing Genetic Variants, Short Targets, and Point Mutations in the Morphological Tissue Context with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay
10:57

Visualizing Genetic Variants, Short Targets, and Point Mutations in the Morphological Tissue Context with an RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay

Published on: August 14, 2018

10.7K
CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
10:40

CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

2.4K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer arises from genetic alterations in both inherited (germline) and acquired (somatic) DNA.
  • Research has historically focused on protein-coding genes, but noncoding regions are increasingly recognized for their role in cancer.
  • Noncoding RNAs, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), are critical regulators of gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the significance of genetic variations in noncoding RNAs in cancer initiation and development.
  • To review how germline and somatic mutations in lncRNAs and miRNAs contribute to cancer predisposition and progression.
  • To highlight the growing importance of studying the noncoding genome in understanding cancer's complex genetic network.

Main Methods:

  • Review of association studies, including Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), to identify hereditary variations in noncoding RNA genes and regulatory regions.
  • Analysis of whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing data comparing cancer and normal tissues to detect somatic mutations in noncoding RNAs.
  • In silico and experimental methods to investigate the impact of mutations on RNA structure, expression, and function.

Main Results:

  • Germline variations (SNPs, indels) in lncRNA and miRNA genes/regions are associated with cancer predisposition by altering RNA structure, expression, and target recognition.
  • Somatic mutations, including mutation hotspots and copy number alterations, are identified in tumor-associated noncoding RNAs.
  • These genetic changes in noncoding RNAs significantly impact cancer development and progression.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variations in noncoding RNAs are essential drivers of cancer.
  • Understanding mutations in lncRNAs and miRNAs provides new insights into cancer etiology and potential therapeutic targets.
  • The noncoding genome is a critical frontier in cancer research, revealing the intricate genetic networks underlying cancer initiation.