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Related Concept Videos

Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

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The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
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Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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Decreased pulse rate01:14

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Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
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Regulation of Heart Rates01:31

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The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
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Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
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Heart Rate Variability in Unexplained Syncope Patients Versus Healthy Controls: A Comparative Study.

Rashmi R Dash1, Priyadarsini Samanta1, Susnato Das1

  • 1Department of Physiology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, IND.

Cureus
|August 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Unexplained syncope patients show altered heart rate variability (HRV), indicating sympathetic nervous system predominance. This finding may aid in early diagnosis and intervention for fainting episodes.

Keywords:
cardiovascular autonomic changesheart rate variabilitylf/hf ratiosympathetic predominanceunexplained syncope

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

  • Syncope, or fainting, is a transient loss of consciousness that can indicate increased mortality risk from cardiac events.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) assesses autonomic function and may reveal abnormalities in syncope patients.
  • Understanding autonomic changes in syncope is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare HRV parameters between patients with unexplained syncope and age-matched healthy controls.
  • To investigate correlations between HRV parameters and cardiovascular indicators like pulse and blood pressure.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-minute electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded for 25 syncope cases and 25 controls.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis was performed using ADInstruments' PowerLab.
  • Standard deviation of RR interval (SDRR) and LF/HF ratio were key HRV metrics analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Syncope patients exhibited significantly lower mean SDRR (21.93 ± 3.53 ms) compared to controls (71.27 ± 27.40 ms).
  • The low-frequency to high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio was significantly higher in syncope cases (1.43 ± 0.40) than in controls (0.98 ± 1.07).
  • No significant correlation was found between HRV measures and pulse or mean blood pressure.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest sympathetic nervous system predominance in individuals experiencing unexplained syncope.
  • Altered HRV parameters in syncope patients highlight potential autonomic dysfunction.
  • These HRV alterations could serve as biomarkers for identifying syncope risk.