Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2025
09:24
O-Ring Aortic Banding Versus Traditional Transverse Aortic Constriction for Modeling Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy
Published on: October 6, 2022
3.5K
Pediatric airway compression in aortic arch malformations: a multidisciplinary approach
Francesca Petreschi1, Antonella Coretti1, Federica Porcaro1
1Pediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Frontiers in Pediatrics
|August 7, 2023
Summary
Aortic arch malformations (AAMs) in children often present with respiratory issues. Management strategies vary, with surgery indicated for severe cases, while conservative approaches suit milder conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Thoracic Surgery
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Aortic arch malformations (AAMs) require clinical suspicion in pediatric patients with persistent respiratory symptoms or feeding difficulties.
- Early identification is crucial for timely intervention and improved outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe a cohort of patients diagnosed with AAMs.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a local management protocol for AAMs.
- To analyze the different types of AAMs and their associated symptoms.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 59 patients diagnosed with AAMs.
- Classification into three groups: double aortic arch (DAA), complete vascular ring (non-DAA), and anomalous origin of the innominate artery (IA).
- Analysis of clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes.
Main Results:
- Prenatal diagnosis was achieved in 62.7% of cases.
- Nearly half (49.2%) of the children presented with symptoms.
- Respiratory symptoms varied significantly across groups (73.7% in DAA, 24.2% in non-DAA, 100% in IA).
- Surgical repair was performed in 52.5% of patients, with symptom improvement observed post-operatively.
Conclusions:
- Current management protocols for AAMs lack standardization.
- Conservative management is viable for asymptomatic patients or those with less than 50% airway stenosis.
- Close patient follow-up is essential for early detection of symptom progression.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management
20
Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
20
01:30Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
20
Airway management is essential in emergency and surgical medicine, ensuring ventilation and oxygenation in patients who cannot maintain their own airway. Clinicians use a range of techniques and devices to secure the airway, depending on the patient’s condition and the clinical context. Key methods include endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), supraglottic airway devices, and advanced visualization aids. In cases where these approaches fail, surgical airway...
20
01:26Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care
10
Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
10
01:25Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management
25
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
25
01:22Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management
8
Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
8
01:21Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
10
Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
10