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Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Design and Use of a Low Cost, Automated Morbidostat for Adaptive Evolution of Bacteria Under Antibiotic Drug Selection
Published on: September 27, 2016
Anti-microbial resistance and aging-A design for evolution
Amrita Nepalia1, Sheryl Erica Fernandes1, Harpreet Singh2
1Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
Abstract:
The emergence of resistance to anti-infective agents poses a significant threat to successfully treating infections caused by bacteria. Bacteria acquire random mutations due to exposure to environmental stresses, which may increase their fitness to other selection pressures. Interestingly, for bacteria, the frequency of anti-microbial resistance (AMR) seems to be increasing in tandem with the human lifespan. Based on evidence from previous literature, we speculate that increased levels of free radicals (Reactive Oxygen Species-ROS and Reactive Nitrosative Species-RNS), elevated inflammation, and the altered tissue microenvironment in aged individuals may drive pathogen mutagenesis. If these mutations result in the hyperactivation of efflux pumps or alteration in drug target binding sites, it could confer AMR, thus rendering antibiotic therapy ineffective while leading to the selection of novel drug-resistant variants. This article is categorized under: Immune System Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics Infectious Diseases > Environmental Factors Metabolic Diseases > Environmental Factors.
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