Omentin-1 Levels in Hypothyroid Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Immunology

Background:

• Hypothyroidism and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis are common endocrine disorders.
• Omentin-1 is an adipokine with potential roles in metabolic and inflammatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and compare serum omentin-1 levels in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism versus healthy controls.
• To explore the relationship between omentin-1 levels and thyroid function parameters.

Main Methods:

• An observational study conducted between August 2017 and March 2020.
• Inclusion of 63 newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and 40 healthy volunteers.
• Measurement of various biochemical markers including omentin-1, thyroid function tests, and autoantibodies before and after treatment.

Main Results:

• Serum omentin-1 levels were significantly lower in hypothyroid patients with autoimmune thyroiditis compared to controls (3.04 ng/ml vs 15.05 ng/ml, p<0.001).
• No significant change in omentin-1 levels was observed after treatment to achieve euthyroidism (p=0.26).
• Omentin-1 levels showed a negative correlation with thyroid-stimulating hormone, anti-thyroid peroxidase, and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, and a positive correlation with free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine.

Conclusions:

• Reduced omentin-1 levels are associated with hypothyroidism in autoimmune thyroiditis.
• The negative correlation between omentin-1 and thyroid-stimulating hormone suggests a potential role for omentin-1 in the pathophysiology of hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis.