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Related Concept Videos

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

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Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
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Drug Dependence01:17

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Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Investigating Drivers of Antireward in Addiction Behavior with Anatomically Specific Single-Cell Gene Expression Methods
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Emerging Perspectives in Addiction Psychiatry.

Ayana Jordan1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Alcohol and tobacco pose significant health risks and contribute to addiction. Emerging research suggests psychedelic compounds may offer novel treatments for alcohol and opioid use disorders, alongside existing FDA-approved medications.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Psychopharmacology

Background:

  • Alcohol and tobacco are legal substances with high potential for misuse, leading to disease and contributing to the opioid epidemic.
  • Despite rising awareness, many Americans with addiction do not receive adequate FDA-approved medications.
  • Effective treatments exist for alcohol use disorder, and medications for opioid use disorder are validated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of psychedelic compounds as novel therapeutic agents for substance use disorders.
  • To highlight the need for a comprehensive public health approach to addiction treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the effects of alcohol, tobacco, and psychedelic compounds on mood and cognition.
  • Analysis of current treatment paradigms for alcohol and opioid use disorders.

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  • Exploration of preliminary evidence for psilocybin in treating depression, anxiety, and substance use withdrawal symptoms.

    • Main Results:

    • Psychedelic compounds, such as psilocybin, show promise in altering mood and cognition beneficially.
    • Evidence suggests potential for psychedelics in treating alcohol use disorder and reducing opioid withdrawal symptoms.
    • Existing FDA-approved medications are effective for alcohol use disorder and validated for opioid use disorder.

    Conclusions:

    • A comprehensive, integrated public health approach is essential for treating substance use disorders.
    • Psychedelic compounds represent a promising area of research for novel addiction therapies.
    • Continued research and integration of evidence-based treatments, including potential psychedelics, are crucial for public health.