Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

15.5K
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
15.5K
Bacterial Transcription01:53

Bacterial Transcription

28.5K
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
28.5K
Prokaryotic Gene Structure and Organization01:28

Prokaryotic Gene Structure and Organization

78
Prokaryotic genomes exhibit a streamlined organization of coding and non-coding regions essential for gene expression and protein synthesis. While coding regions contain the genetic instructions for proteins or functional RNAs, non-coding regions regulate the precise transcription and translation of these genes.Coding Regions: Proteins and RNAsThe primary coding regions, known as structural genes, include sequences transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) and ultimately translated into...
78
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

33.7K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.7K
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

14.0K
In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
14.0K
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region02:40

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

16.4K
The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences.  The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
16.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Advances in local field potential research in prolonged disorders of consciousness: a narrative review.

Chinese neurosurgical journal·2026
Same author

Itaconate as a paracrine brake on thermogenesis.

Nature metabolism·2026
Same author

Bispectral Index-guided Anesthesia and Mortality: Reply.

Anesthesiology·2026
Same author

Low-Cost and Scalable Flexible Infrared Detectors Based on VO<sub>2</sub>(B) Nano-Ink: From Single-Device Sensing to Array Imaging.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Non-destructive detection of multiple fatty acids in fuzzy cottonseeds based on near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy·2026
Same author

SpatioTemporal Omics Consortium: a global effort for biological discovery across species, space and time.

Nature methods·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on TRO Approach
12:12

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on TRO Approach

Published on: March 12, 2017

9.9K

R-loop-dependent promoter-proximal termination ensures genome stability.

Congling Xu1, Chengyu Li2, Jiwei Chen1

  • 1Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Nature
|August 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The sensor of single-stranded DNA (SOSS) and Integrator-PP2A (INTAC) complex regulates transcription to maintain genome stability. This complex prevents R-loop accumulation, crucial for preventing DNA damage and ensuring cellular function.

More Related Videos

Rapid Verification of Terminators Using the pGR-Blue Plasmid and Golden Gate Assembly
09:51

Rapid Verification of Terminators Using the pGR-Blue Plasmid and Golden Gate Assembly

Published on: April 25, 2016

7.7K
Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions
10:16

Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions

Published on: June 28, 2018

32.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on TRO Approach
12:12

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on TRO Approach

Published on: March 12, 2017

9.9K
Rapid Verification of Terminators Using the pGR-Blue Plasmid and Golden Gate Assembly
09:51

Rapid Verification of Terminators Using the pGR-Blue Plasmid and Golden Gate Assembly

Published on: April 25, 2016

7.7K
Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions
10:16

Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions

Published on: June 28, 2018

32.5K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Transcription regulation is vital for genome integrity and cellular functions.
  • R-loops, DNA-RNA hybrids, can lead to genome instability if not properly resolved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the functional association between SOSS and INTAC.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which SOSS-INTAC prevents R-loop accumulation and maintains genome stability.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays to confirm the stable association between SOSS and INTAC.
  • Analysis of transcription termination and R-loop levels in cells with altered SOSS-INTAC components.
  • Investigating the role of SSB1 in SOSS-INTAC function and condensate formation.

Main Results:

  • A stable complex of SOSS-INTAC was identified, associating via SSB1 recognition of single-stranded DNA.
  • SOSS-INTAC promotes transcription termination at promoters and attenuates R-loops.
  • SSB1's ability to form liquid-like condensates enhances R-loop attenuation.
  • Loss or mutation of SSB1 leads to widespread R-loop accumulation and genome instability.

Conclusions:

  • The SOSS-INTAC complex acts as a genome surveillance mechanism.
  • Timely transcription termination at promoters by SOSS-INTAC constrains R-loop accumulation.
  • This pathway is essential for maintaining genome stability.