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Association of IL4RA and IL-8 polymorphism in predicting susceptibility to tuberculosis

Jyothish K1, Jawahar Lal Joshi2, Heena Kansal3

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College, Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases Hospital, Patiala. jyothishavc99@gmail.com.

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease = Archivio Monaldi Per Le Malattie Del Torace
|August 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Investigating interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4RA) Q576R and interleukin-8 (IL-8) +781 C/T gene polymorphisms revealed a protective role against tuberculosis (TB). Specific symptoms like cough and breathlessness showed significant associations with these TB genetic markers.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in India.
  • The genetic predisposition to TB has been investigated, with Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Interleukin-4 Receptor Alpha (IL-4RA) implicated in its etiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of IL4RAQ576R and IL8 gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to tuberculosis.
  • To explore the association between specific TB symptoms and these genetic variations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 301 healthy individuals and 301 TB patients.
  • Genotyping of IL4RAQ576R and IL-8 +781 C/T polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  • Logistic regression analysis to calculate odds ratios and confidence intervals for TB risk.

Main Results:

  • Significant associations were found between IL-4RA (p=0.04) and IL-8 +781 C/T (p=0.03) polymorphisms and TB.
  • Cough in IL-4RA576R (p=0.04) and breathlessness in IL-8 +781 C/T (p=0.01) showed significant correlations with TB symptoms.
  • A 3-risk allele combination demonstrated a significant protective role against TB (p=0.02).

Conclusions:

  • IL-4 RA Q576R and IL-8 +781 C/T polymorphisms play a significant protective role against tuberculosis.
  • Specific symptoms like cough and dyspnea are significantly correlated with these polymorphisms in TB patients.
  • The combined effects of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), particularly the 3-risk allele, are strongly associated with TB, suggesting a genetic influence on disease susceptibility potentially modulated by ethnicity.

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