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Management of Soft Tissue Injuries in Children-A Comprehensive Review
Marcus Hwang1, Mark Engelstad1, Srinivasa Rama Chandra1
1Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Oregon Health and Sciences, Portland, OR, USA.
Insights
Pediatric soft tissue injuries to the head and neck require a multidisciplinary approach for optimal management. This review covers causes, regional considerations, and surgical strategies for these complex injuries in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric surgery
- Plastic surgery
- Trauma surgery
Background:
- Soft tissue injuries in the head and neck of children present unique management challenges.
- These injuries can significantly impact a child's health and development.
- Effective management necessitates a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the causes and management of pediatric soft tissue injuries in the head and neck.
- To discuss specific considerations for various anatomic regions.
- To outline surgical and adjuvant therapeutic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on pediatric soft tissue injuries of the head and neck.
- Discussion of surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies.
- Consideration of regional specificities and long-term outcomes.
Main Results:
- Injuries reviewed include airway, ocular, neurovascular, and burns.
- Specific regions covered: scalp/forehead, periorbital, nose, cheeks, lips, ears, and neck/airway.
- Laceration repair in pediatric patients may require future revisions due to growth.
Conclusions:
- Comprehensive management of pediatric head and neck soft tissue injuries requires a multispecialty team.
- Surgical alignment and symmetry are crucial for optimal functional and cosmetic outcomes.
- Close collaboration among healthcare professionals, parents, and caregivers is essential.
Abstract:
Airway injury, Ocular injury and neurovascular tissue damage, burns is all a spectrum of pediatric soft tissue injury complex. Soft tissue injuries to the head and neck area in children are challenging to manage, because these injuries significantly affect the child's overall health and development. Management of such injuries requires a multidisciplinary approach involving surgical and nonsurgical interventions and close collaboration among health care professionals, parents, and caregivers. This article reviews the various causes of injuries, specific considerations for each region of the head and neck, and approaches to the surgical management of soft tissue injuries in pediatric patients, including surgical and adjuvant therapies. Specific anatomic regions reviewed include the scalp/forehead, periorbital region, nose, cheeks, lips, ears, and neck/airway.Laceration repair in the growing pediatric populations may require revisions in the future. Facial soft tissue injuries are prone to poor cosmesis as in many occasions as may be constrained by available surgical specialists, thus proper multispecialty team approach along with surgical alignment and symmetry should be considered comprehensively.
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