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Optical Characterization of Materials for Precision Reference Spheres for Use with Structured Light Sensors.

Pablo Zapico1, Victor Meana1, Eduardo Cuesta1

  • 1Department of Construction and Manufacturing Engineering, Campus of Gijon, University of Oviedo, 33204 Gijon, Spain.

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|August 12, 2023
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Summary

Sandblasted stainless steel spheres are ideal for calibrating structured light sensors and as digitizing targets. Other materials like tungsten carbide and zirconium are unsuitable for these applications, impacting metrological performance.

Keywords:
material optical characterizationnon-contact digitizingpoint cloud filteringprecision spheresstructured light

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Area of Science:

  • Metrology
  • Optical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Non-contact 3D digitizing sensors, particularly structured light sensors, are increasingly adopted due to limitations of traditional contact measurement methods.
  • The metrological performance of structured light sensors is significantly influenced by the optical properties of the digitized material.
  • A lack of standardized calibration artifacts necessitates characterization studies for validating sensor performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optically characterize and compare various materials and surface finishes of reference spheres for structured light sensor calibration.
  • To determine the optimal sphere material-sensor combination for different application fields.
  • To evaluate the suitability of different spheres as registration targets in 3D digitizing.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of different materials and surface finishes of reference spheres.
  • Optical characterization of spheres using two structured light sensors with distinct application fields.
  • Utilizing a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) contact measurement system as a reference.
  • Analysis of two different filters for processing sensor data.

Main Results:

  • Sandblasted stainless steel spheres demonstrated superior performance for calibrating and qualifying structured light sensors.
  • These spheres are also highly effective as registration targets in 3D digitizing processes.
  • Tungsten carbide and zirconium spheres were found to be unsuitable for sensor calibration and digitizing applications.

Conclusions:

  • Sandblasted stainless steel spheres are the recommended choice for calibrating and qualifying structured light sensors.
  • The selection of appropriate sphere material is critical for achieving accurate metrological performance.
  • Further research into standardized artifacts is needed to ensure reliable sensor qualification.