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A Modeling and Simulation Method for Preliminary Design of an Electro-Variable Displacement Pump
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Flow Ripple Reduction in Reciprocating Pumps by Multi-Phase Rectification.

Gürhan Özkayar1, Zhilin Wang1, Joost Lötters1,2

  • 1Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 12, 2023
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Summary

Multi-phase rectification using parallel piezoelectric micropumps significantly reduces flow ripples. This method enhances steady fluid flow in microfluidic devices, crucial for lab-on-a-chip applications.

Keywords:
flow ripplefluidic rectificationmicropumpmulti-phase rectifierreciprocating pump

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Reciprocating piezoelectric micropumps are key for miniaturizing microfluidic systems, including organs-on-chips.
  • Flow ripples in these pumps cause unsteady fluid delivery, particularly at low flow rates (<50 µL/min).
  • Traditional dampers for ripple reduction are frequency-dependent, limiting their effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate multi-phase rectification for minimizing flow ripples in piezoelectric micropumps.
  • To evaluate ripple reduction efficiency by connecting multiple pumps in parallel with phase-shifted waveforms.
  • To introduce and validate a metric for quantifying flow quality.

Main Methods:

  • Connecting piezoelectric micropumps in parallel with phase differences (2π/n) for multi-phase rectification.
  • Actuating pumps with alternating voltage waveforms at a specific frequency.
  • Introducing and measuring the fluidic ripple factor (RFfl.) to quantify flow steadiness.
  • Experimentally validating the method with up to four pumps.

Main Results:

  • Multi-phase rectification significantly reduced fluidic ripple factor (RFfl.) by over 90% with three-phase rectification compared to single-phase.
  • Effective ripple reduction was observed in the 2-60 μL/min flow rate range.
  • Analytical equations were developed to estimate the fluidic ripple factor for parallel pump configurations.
  • Experimental confirmation was achieved for systems with up to four parallel pumps.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-phase rectification is an effective strategy for achieving steady flow from reciprocating piezoelectric micropumps at low flow rates.
  • The developed analytical framework allows for the design of frequency-independent fluid rectifiers for reciprocating pumps.
  • This approach offers a scalable solution for improving flow control in microfluidic applications.